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Hardwood Grade Yield Estimator

Estimate how many usable board feet you'll get from a FAS, No. 1 Common, or Select pack — by species and width.

Calculator

FAS / No. 1 Common / No. 2A Common

What makes this different

Most calculators assume 100 % yield. This one applies NHLA yield rules — minimum clear cuttings of 4 in × 5 ft or 3 in × 7 ft for FAS, with species-specific sound-clear vs sap rules.

Who it's for & when to use it

Pricing a custom furniture job; deciding which grade to buy; estimating waste before milling.

How to use

  1. Enter the dimensions of your material or the parameters of your project.
  2. Adjust the optional knobs (waste factor, kerf, planer allowance) to match your shop practice.
  3. Click Calculate and read the output. Use the per-item breakdown for ordering, the totals for budgeting.
  4. Compare the result to your lumber yard's quote — the effective $/BF column is the apples-to-apples number.

Formula: FAS yield ≈ 83–91 %; No. 1 Common ≈ 66–75 %; No. 2A Common ≈ 50–60 %. Reduce by 5–10 % if min width exceeds 4 in.

Notes & tips from the shop

  • FAS gets you the longest, widest cuttings. Number 1 Common is fine for most furniture if you can work around smaller pieces.
  • Hard maple yields less than red oak because of the color and grade rules — it's the most color-strict common hardwood.
  • Always buy 10–20 % over your nominal need; grade rules are statistical, not guaranteed.

Frequently asked questions

Is FAS always worth the price?

No — for short pieces (knobs, drawer pulls), No. 1 Common is a better value.

Why does my 'yield' calculation underperform the rule?

Defect, color matching, and warp aren't counted in the NHLA yield rules. Add a real-world factor of 10–15 %.

What's the difference between Select and FAS?

Select is one face FAS, the other face No. 1. Useful when only one face shows.

Limitations

Yield based on standard NHLA clear-cuttings. Specific customer color or grain matching reduces yield further.

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